partner institution

the merchant, customer, or financial institution with whom an EDI ( electronic data interchange) transaction takes place. Transactions can be either between senders and receivers of EDI messages or within distribution channels in an industry, for example, financial institutions or wholesalers.

institution, center, establishment, foundation.

* * *

► nombre femenino

1 (organismo) institution

2 (creación) establishment, institution; (introducción) introduction

\

ser una institución to be an institution

institución benéfica charitable organization

* * *

* * *

1) (=organismo) institution

2) (=acción) establishment

3) pl instituciones [en nación, sociedad] institutions

* * *

a) ( organismo) institution

b) (creación, constitución) establishment

c) instituciones femenino plural ( de una sociedad) institutions (pl)

* * *

= agency, body, corporation, establishment, facility, institution, organisation [organization, -USA], organisational setting, organisation [organization, -USA], work organisation, foundation.

Ex. It is often not clear which agency can best provide for the needs of a client = Con frecuencia no está claro qué organismo puede satisfacer mejor las necesidades de un cliente.

Ex. Special rules are includes for specific types of corporate bodies, such as exhibitions, conferences, subordinate and related bodies, governments bodies and officials, and radio and television stations.

Ex. The main form of knowledge transfer and the basis for decision making within corporations has not been a paper, a document or a detailed report, but a set of overhead slides and the discussions around them.

Ex. Since BC adheres closely to the educational and scientific consensus, BC found most favour with libraries in educational establishments.

Ex. As he recovers, he overhears a well-intentioned social worker murmuring soothingly about a juvenile facility, and contrives an escape.

Ex. The distinction between 'societies' and 'institutions' lies at the heart of the code.

Ex. The author of a document is the person or organisation responsible for its creation.

Ex. Many students, after working with cases, have testified to the help they received in developing a clearer concept of the dynamics of human relationships in organizational settings.

Ex. This article discusses the history of the organisation of readers' camps for students of secondary schools in Slovakia which dates back to 1979.

Ex. Quality of Work Life (QWL) can be defined as 'the degree to which members of a work organisation are able to satisfy important personal needs through their experiences in the organisation'.

Ex. Often such things need to be funded through foundations or local businesses.

----

* avanzar profesionalmente dentro de la institución = rise through + the ranks.

* biblioteca de institución de enseñanza superior = tertiary library.

* confinados en instituciones, los = institutionalised, the.

* cooperación entre instituciones = interagency cooperation.

* de toda la institución = institution-wide, systemwide.

* en contra de las instituciones = anti-establishment.

* en toda la institución = systemwide.

* entre instituciones = interagency [inter-agency].

* entre varias instituciones = inter-institutionally [interinstitutionally].

* estructura de la institución = organisational structure.

* institución académica = educational institution, educational establishment, academic institution.

* institución a la que pertenece = host institution.

* institución a la que se pertenece = home institution.

* institución anfitriona = host institution.

* institución benéfica = charity, charitable organisation, charitable institution.

* institución bibliotecaria = library organisation.

* Institución Británica para la Normalización (BSI) = British Standard Institution (BSI).

* institución civil = civic organisation.

* institución comercial = commercial organisation.

* institución compuesta de miembros = membership organisation.

* institución consolidada = established institution.

* institución consumada = established institution.

* institución cultural = cultural institution, heritage institution.

* institución dedicada a la conservación del patrimonio = memory institution.

* institución de educación pública = public education institution.

* institución de enseñanza pública = public education institution.

* institución de enseñanza superior = tertiary institution, institution of higher education.

* institución de enseñanza superior no universitaria = college of further education, college of higher education.

* institución de interés histórico = heritage institution.

* institución de interés histórico y cultural = cultural heritage institution.

* institución de investigación = research institution.

* institución de la que depende = parent institution.

* institución del conocimiento = institution of learning.

* institución del gobierno = government establishment.

* institución del matrimonio = institution of marriage.

* institución del patrimonio histórico y cultural = cultural heritage institution.

* institución del saber = institution of learning.

* institución donde se estudia = school affiliation.

* institucion educativa = teaching agency, institution of learning.

* institución gubernamental = government body.

* institución miembro = member centre, member institution.

* institución miembro de una asociación = partner institution.

* institución normativa = regulatory organisation.

* institución para el estudio y la conservación del patrimonio cultural = heritage organisation.

* institución privada = private institution.

* institución profesional = professional institution.

* institución pública = public institution, public organisation.

* institución reconocida = accredit school.

* institución relacionada con la información = information organisation, information institution.

* institución religiosa = religious body.

* institución responsable = governing agency, host institution.

* institución social = social agency.

* institución voluntaria = volunteer agency.

* por todas las instituciones oficiales = government-wide.

* promovido por la institución = organisation-led.

* revista editada por la propia institución = house journal.

* * *

a) ( organismo) institution

b) (creación, constitución) establishment

c) instituciones femenino plural ( de una sociedad) institutions (pl)

* * *

* * *

A (organismo) institution

instituciones financieras financial institutions

ser una institución ( fam); to be an institution

la siesta es toda una institución en España ( fam); the siesta is a real institution in Spain

el viejo Marcos es toda una institución aquí old Mr Marcos is quite an institution around here

B (creación, constitución) establishment

la institución de un fondo de pensiones the establishment o setting up of a pension fund

C instituciones fpl (de una sociedad) institutions (pl)

* * *

* * *

institución nf

1. [organización] institution;

la institución monárquica the institution of the monarchy;

ser una institución [persona, establecimiento] to be an institution

institución pública public institution

2. [de ley, sistema] introduction;

3.

* * *

f institution

* * *

institución nf, pl - ciones : institution

* * *

institución n institution

1 member, supporter, fellow member.

2 limb, member, extremity, extremitas.

3 associate.

1 member (integrante).

miembro fundador founder member

miembro de pleno derecho full member

2 limb, member.

miembros superiores/inferiores upper/lower limbs

miembro (viril) penis

* * *

► nombre masculino

1 (extremidad) limb

2 (viril) member

3 (socio) member

4 MATEMÁTICAS member

\

estado miembro member state

miembro viril male member, penis

* * *

1) member

2) limb

* * *

1. SM

1) (Anat) limb, member

2) (Ling, Mat) member

SMF [de club] member; [de institución, academia] fellow, associate

ADJ member antes de s

* * *

1)

a) (de organización, asociación) member

b) (como adj) <estado/países> member (before n)

c) (Mat) member

2) (Anat) limb

•

- miembro viril

* * *

= fellow, member, subscriber, insider.

Ex. He was also Council on Library Resources fellow, and he's published several articles, the most recent with Whitney Coe.

Ex. Its primary function is to provide a centre for software and hardware expertise for its members.

Ex. Access is available from any suitable terminal to BLAISE subscribers.

Ex. All libraries, particularly those with rare book or manuscript collections, should take steps to minimise insider thefts.

----

* asociación miembro = associate member.

* biblioteca miembro de una cooperativa = member library.

* entre los miembros de la familia = intergenerational.

* estado miembro = member government, member state.

* familia en la que los dos miembros trabajan = two-parent working family.

* institución compuesta de miembros = membership organisation.

* institución miembro de una asociación = partner institution.

* miembro asociado = affiliated member, associateship.

* miembro correspondiente = corresponding member.

* miembro de honor = honorary member.

* miembro de la Comunidad = community member, Community member.

* miembro de la familia = family member.

* miembro delantero = forelimb.

* miembro de la plantilla = staffer.

* miembro de la resistencia = resister.

* miembro de la tripulación = crew member.

* miembro del Congreso = congressman [congresswoman, -fem.], congresswoman [congressman, -masc.].

* miembro del consejo de administración = trustee.

* miembro del cuerpo = limb.

* miembro del panel = panellist [panelist, -USA].

* miembro del personal = staff member, staffer.

* miembro destacado = leading member.

* miembro de una comisión = commissioner.

* miembro de una cuadrilla = crew member.

* miembro de una milicia = militiaman [militiamen, -pl.].

* miembro de un comité = committeeman [committeemen, -pl.].

* miembro de un sindicato = unionist, trade unionist.

* miembro electo = elected member.

* miembro fundador = founder member, founding member.

* miembro honorario = honorary member.

* miembro institucional = institutional member, member institution.

* miembro invitado = co-opted member.

* miembro nato = ex officio.

* miembro personal = personal member.

* miembros = membership.

* miembros inferiores = lower extremities, lower limbs.

* miembros superiores = upper extremities, upper limbs.

* miembro tipo A = A-member.

* miembro tipo B = B-member.

* miembro tipo C = C-member.

* no miembro = non-member [nonmember].

* nuevo miembro = entrant.

* organización miembro de una asociación = partner organisation.

* países miembro de la Comunidad = Community partner.

* país miembro = member country.

* país miembro de la Comunidad = Community member state.

* seguro por pérdida de un miembro del cuerpo = dismemberment insurance.

* todos los miembros de la agencia = agency-wide.

* * *

1)

a) (de organización, asociación) member

b) (como adj) <estado/países> member (before n)

c) (Mat) member

2) (Anat) limb

•

- miembro viril

* * *

* * *

1 (de una organización, asociación) member

dos de los miembros de la expedición two members of the expedition

2 ( como adj) ‹estado/países› member ( before n)

3 ( Mat) member

full member

full member

miembro masculine

( Anat) limb

miembros anteriores/posteriores fore/back limbs

( euf); male member ( euph)

* * *

a) (de organización, asociación) member

b) ( como adj) ‹estado/países› member ( before n)

◊ miembros anteriores/posteriores fore/back limbs

* * *

miembro nm

1. [integrante] member;

los países miembros de la OTAN NATO's member states

miembro de pleno derecho full member

2. [extremidad] limb, member

miembros superiores upper limbs

3. Euf [pene]

* * *

1 ( socio) member;

estado/país miembro member state/country

2 ( extremidad) limb, member fml ;

miembros pl ANAT limbs

* * *

miembro nm

1) : member

2) extremidad: limb, extremity

* * *

miembro n

1. (persona) member

2. (extremidad del cuerpo) limb

1 association, relationship, correspondence.

2 association, co-partnership, alliance, company.

3 association, affiliation.

4 association, club.

5 association, map.

* * *

► nombre femenino

1 association

\

asociación de ideas association of ideas

asociación de vecinos residents' association

* * *

1) association

2) society

* * *

SF (=acción) association; (=sociedad) society, association; (Com, Econ) partnership

* * *

femenino association

- asociación de padres de alumnos

- asociación de vecinos

- asociación sindical

* * *

= association, association, interest group, membership, partnership, liaison, tie, tie-up, marriage, partnering, league, membership body, collective.

Nota: Nombre.

Ex. Corporate names, for example, names of associations, names of institutions, names of government bodies.

Ex. It is possible and convenient to select a viewpoint on the scope, associations and labels for subjects which coincides with the way in which subjects are handled in the literature.

Ex. The meeting agreed that the new organisation was needed to act as an interest group for the library, information science and documentation profession in the European Community.

Ex. The sharing of expertise through membership of a club of existing users can be valuable.

Ex. The partnership between the CLT and industry is considered in some detail.

Ex. It is important to make sure that there is close liaison between the cataloguing department and the order department, otherwise cards are liable to be ordered twice or in insufficient quantity to meet the total demand.

Ex. Eastern European countries longing for western scientific ties have wanted to participate in the Internet for a long time, but were excluded by government regulations.

Ex. The report of findings may consist simply of a few pages, or be a trends and proposals report, or may suggest tie-ups with other groups.

Ex. Multimedia encyclopedias on CD-ROM are a nearly perfect marriage of technology and content.

Ex. These include partnering with: principals, teachers, community members, public librarians and businesses.

Ex. The ALA has never possessed those unique qualities which characterise a professional association, trade association, or business league.

Ex. This is a membership body formally constituted in 1997.

Ex. These collectives are at present seeking compensation for copies made of copyrighted material based on the nature, volume and use of copies made.

----

* asociación a la que se pertenece = professional membership.

* Asociación Americana de Bibliotecarios (ALA) = ALA (American Library Association).

* Asociación Americana de Bibliotecas de Teología = American Theological Library Association (ATLA).

* Asociación Americana de Editores = American Association of Publishers (AAP).

* Asociación Americana de Gestores de Documentación Administrativa = Association of Records Managers and Administrators (ARMA International).

* Asociación Americana de Productores Cinematográficos = Motion Picture Association of America.

* Asociación Australiana de Bibliotecarios (AAB) = Library Association of Australia (LAA).

* Asociación Australiana de Bibliotecarios y Documentalistas (ALIA) = Australian Library and Information Association (ALIA).

* asociación benéfica = service club.

* asociación benéfica de hombres de negocios = Lions club.

* Asociación Canadiense de Bibliotecarios (CLA) = Canadian Library Association (CLA).

* asociación comercial = trade association.

* Asociación Cristiana de Mujeres Jóvenes (YWCA) = YWCA (Young Women's Christian Association).

* asociación de antiguos alumnos = alumni association.

* Asociación de Archiveros Alemanes = Verein Deutscher Archivare.

* Asociación de Archiveros Americanos (SAA) = Society of American Archivists (SAA).

* Asociación de Archiveros Australianos = Australian Society of Archivists.

* Asociación de Archiveros Austriacos = Verband Osterreichischer Archivare.

* Asociación de Archiveros Británicos = Society of Archivists.

* Asociación de Archiveros Canadienses = Association of Canadian Archivists (ACA).

* Asociación de Archiveros de Alemania Occidental (WGSA) = West German Society of Archivists (WGSA).

* Asociación de Archiveros de Sudáfrica = South African Society of Archivists.

* Asociación de Archiveros Suizos = Vereinigung Schweizerischer Archivare.

* Asociación de Archiveros Suizos (AAS) = Association of Swiss Archivists (ASA).

* asociación de bibliotecarios = library association.

* Asociación de Bibliotecarios del Reino Unido (LA) = LA (Library Association).

* Asociación de Bibliotecarios de Medicina = Medical Library Association (MLA).

* Asociación de Bibliotecarios Suizos = Vereinigung Schweizerischer Bibliothekare.

* Asociación de Bibliotecarios y Documentalistas de Suráfrica (LIASA) = Library and Information Association of South Africa (LIASA).

* Asociación de Bibliotecas Especializadas = Special Libraries Association (SLA).

* Asociación de Bibliotecas Universitarias y de Investigación (ACRL) = ACRL (Association of College and Research Libraries).

* asociación de compradores de un tipo de productos = consumers union.

* asociación de inquilinos = tenants' association.

* asociación de la comunidad = community group.

* Asociación de Lenguas Modernas (MLA) = Modern Language Association (MLA).

* Asociación de Madres y Padres de Alumnos (AMPA) = Parent-Teacher Association (PTA).

* asociación de padres = parents' association.

* asociación de padres de alumnos = Parent-Teacher Association (PTA).

* asociación de vecinos = residents' association, urban residents' association, neighbourhood association.

* asociación de voluntarios = voluntary body.

* Asociación Escocesa de Editores = Scottish Publishers Association (SPA).

* Asociación Europea para el Libre Comercio (EFTA) = EFTA (European Free Trade Association).

* Asociación Europea para la Literatura Gris (EAGLE) = European Association for Grey Literature (EAGLE).

* Asociación Interamericana de Bibliotecarios y Documentalistas de Agricultura = AIBDA (Inter-American Association of Agricultural Librarians and Information Specialists).

* Asociación Internacional de Archivos Sonoros (IASA) = International Association of Sound Archives (IASA).

* Asociación Internacional de Bibliotecarios y Documentalistas de Agricultura = International Association of Agricultural Librarians and Documentalists (IAALD).

* Asociación Internacional de Editores (IPA) = International Publishers Association (IPA).

* asociación miembro = associate member.

* Asociación Nacional de Archiveros y Gestores de Documentos del Gobierno (NAG = National Association of Government Archivists and Records Administrators (NAGARA).

* Asociación Nacional de Oficinas de Información al Consumidor (NACAB) = National Association of Citizens' Advice Bureaux (NACAB).

* Asociación Nacional para Adquisiciones (NAG) = National Acquisitions Group (NAG).

* Asociación para la Educación en Biblioteconomía y Documentación (ALISE) = ALISE (Association for Library and Information Science Education).

* asociación perfecta = marriage made in heaven.

* asociación política = political body.

* asociación profesional = professional association, guild [gild].

* asociación sociocultural estudiantil = fraternity.

* Asociación Suiza de Documentación (SAD) = Swiss Association for Documentation (SAD).

* biblioteca de asociación = society's library.

* de las asociaciones = associational.

* IFLA (Federación Internacional de Asociaciones de Bibliotecarios y Bibliotec = IFLA (International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions).

* institución miembro de una asociación = partner institution.

* Lista de Encabezamientos de Materia de la Asociación de Bibliotecas Escolar = SLA List.

* NISTF (Grupo de Trabajo sobre los Sistemas Nacionales de Información de la A = NISTF (Society of American Archivists National Information Systems Task Force).

* organización miembro de una asociación = partner organisation.

* * *

femenino association

- asociación de padres de alumnos

- asociación de vecinos

- asociación sindical

* * *

= association, association, interest group, membership, partnership, liaison, tie, tie-up, marriage, partnering, league, membership body, collective.

Nota: Nombre.

* * *

1 (acción) association

en asociación con la BBC in association o collaboration with the BBC

derecho de asociación freedom of association o assembly

asociación de ideas association of ideas

asociación de palabras word association

2 (sociedad, agrupación) association

asociación comercial trade association

asociación cultural/deportiva cultural/sports association

asociación en defensa de vida animal wildlife trust

una asociación sin ánimo or afán de lucro a non-profit association ( AmE), a non-profit making association ( BrE)

parents association

residents association

labor union ( AmE), trade union ( BrE)

* * *

◊ asociación de ideas association of ideas

* * *

asociación nf

1. [acción] association;

en asociación con la ONU in association with the UN

asociación libre free association

2. [grupo, colectivo] association;

una asociación cultural a cultural association;

una asociación ecologista an environmental group

Asociación Europea de Libre Comercio European Free Trade Association;

asociación gremial trade association;

asociación de padres de alumnos = Spanish association for parents of schoolchildren, ≈ PTA;

asociación de vecinos residents' association

* * *

f association;

asociación de ideas association of ideas

* * *

asociación nf, pl - ciones

1) : association, relationship

2) : society, group, association

* * *

asociación n association

(n.) = partner institution

Ex. The project will develop and implement prototype hybrid libraries in each of the 3 major partner institutions.

* * *

SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping

[br]

[br]

[br]

From 1844 until 1962, the Clyde shipyard of William Denny and Brothers, Dumbarton, produced over 1,500 ships, trained innumerable students of all nationalities in shipbuilding and marine engineering, and for the seventy-plus years of their existence were accepted worldwide as the leaders in the application of science to ship design and construction. Until the closure of the yard members of the Denny family were among the partners and later directors of the firm: they included men as distinguished as Dr Peter Denny (1821(?)–95), Sir Archibald Denny (1860–1936) and Sir Maurice Denny (1886– 1955), the main collaborator in the design of the Denny-Brown ship stabilizer.

One of the most influential of this shipbuilding family was William Denny, now referred to as William 3! His early education was at Dumbarton, then on Jersey and finally at the Royal High School, Edinburgh, before he commenced an apprenticeship at his father's shipyard. From the outset he not only showed great aptitude for learning and hard work but also displayed an ability to create good relationships with all he came into contact with. At the early age of 21 he was admitted a partner of the shipbuilding business of William Denny and Brothers, and some years later also of the associated engineering firm of Denny \& Co. His deep-felt interest in what is now known as industrial relations led him in 1871 to set up a piecework system of payment in the shipyard. In this he was helped by the Yard Manager, Richard Ramage, who later was to found the Leith shipyard, which produced the world's most elegant steam yachts. This research was published later as a pamphlet called The Worth of Wages, an unusual and forward-looking action for the 1860s, when Denny maintained that an absentee employer should earn as much contempt and disapproval as an absentee landlord! In 1880 he initiated an awards scheme for all company employees, with grants and awards for inventions and production improvements. William Denny was not slow to impose new methods and to research naval architecture, a special interest being progressive ship trials with a view to predicting effective horsepower. In time this led to his proposal to the partners to build a ship model testing tank beside the Dumbarton shipyard; this scheme was completed in 1883 and was to the third in the world (after the Admiralty tank at Torquay, managed by William Froude and the Royal Netherlands Navy facility at Amsterdam, under B.J. Tideman. In 1876 the Denny Shipyard started work with mild-quality shipbuilding steel on hulls for the Irrawaddy Flotilla Company, and in 1879 the world's first two ships of any size using this weight-saving material were produced: they were the Rotomahana for the Union Steamship Company of New Zealand and the Buenos Ayrean for the Allan Line of Glasgow. On the naval-architecture side he was involved in Denny's proposals for standard cross curves of stability for all ships, which had far-reaching effects and are now accepted worldwide. He served on the committee working on improvements to the Load Line regulations and many other similar public bodies. After a severe bout of typhoid and an almost unacceptable burden of work, he left the United Kingdom for South America in June 1886 to attend to business with La Platense Flotilla Company, an associate company of William Denny and Brothers. In March the following year, while in Buenos Aires, he died by his own hand, a death that caused great and genuine sadness in the West of Scotland and elsewhere.

[br]

SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping, Steam and internal combustion engines

[br]

[br]

[br]

John was the third son of David Elder. The father came from a family of millwrights and moved to Glasgow where he worked for the well-known shipbuilding firm of Napier's and was involved with improving marine engines. John was educated at Glasgow High School and then for a while at the Department of Civil Engineering at Glasgow University, where he showed great aptitude for mathematics and drawing. He spent five years as an apprentice under Robert Napier followed by two short periods of activity as a pattern-maker first and then a draughtsman in England. He returned to Scotland in 1849 to become Chief Draughtsman to Napier, but in 1852 he left to become a partner with the Glasgow general engineering company of Randolph Elliott \& Co. Shortly after his induction (at the age of 28), the engineering firm was renamed Randolph Elder \& Co.; in 1868, when the partnership expired, it became known as John Elder \& Co. From the outset Elder, with his partner, Charles Randolph, approached mechanical (especially heat) engineering in a rigorous manner. Their knowledge and understanding of entropy ensured that engine design was not a hit-and-miss affair, but one governed by recognition of the importance of the new kinetic theory of heat and with it a proper understanding of thermodynamic principles, and by systematic development. In this Elder was joined by W.J.M. Rankine, Professor of Civil Engineering and Mechanics at Glasgow University, who helped him develop the compound marine engine. Elder and Randolph built up a series of patents, which guaranteed their company's commercial success and enabled them for a while to be the sole suppliers of compound steam reciprocating machinery. Their first such engine at sea was fitted in 1854 on the SS Brandon for the Limerick Steamship Company; the ship showed an improved performance by using a third less coal, which he was able to reduce still further on later designs.

Elder developed steam jacketing and recognized that, with higher pressures, triple-expansion types would be even more economical. In 1862 he patented a design of quadruple-expansion engine with reheat between cylinders and advocated the importance of balancing reciprocating parts. The effect of his improvements was to greatly reduce fuel consumption so that long sea voyages became an economic reality.

His yard soon reached dimensions then unequalled on the Clyde where he employed over 4,000 workers; Elder also was always interested in the social welfare of his labour force. In 1860 the engine shops were moved to the Govan Old Shipyard, and again in 1864 to the Fairfield Shipyard, about 1 mile (1.6 km) west on the south bank of the Clyde. At Fairfield, shipbuilding was commenced, and with the patents for compounding secure, much business was placed for many years by shipowners serving long-distance trades such as South America; the Pacific Steam Navigation Company took up his ideas for their ships. In later years the yard became known as the Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company Ltd, but it remains today as one of Britain's most efficient shipyards and is known now as Kvaerner Govan Ltd.

In 1869, at the age of only 45, John Elder was unanimously elected President of the Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders in Scotland; however, before taking office and giving his eagerly awaited presidential address, he died in London from liver disease. A large multitude attended his funeral and all the engineering shops were silent as his body, which had been brought back from London to Glasgow, was carried to its resting place. In 1857 Elder had married Isabella Ure, and on his death he left her a considerable fortune, which she used generously for Govan, for Glasgow and especially the University. In 1883 she endowed the world's first Chair of Naval Architecture at the University of Glasgow, an act which was reciprocated in 1901 when the University awarded her an LLD on the occasion of its 450th anniversary.

[br]

RLH / FMW

 

участник соглашения с Всемирным партнером
Финансовое учреждение, вступившее в соглашение о членстве с Всемирным партнером, который предоставляет ему право поставлять продукцию публике с использованием партнерского товарного знака и/или знаков, связанных с брендами из перечня его продукции.
[Департамент лингвистических услуг Оргкомитета «Сочи 2014». Глоссарий терминов]

EN

member financial institution (MFI)
Financial entity that has entered into a membership agreement with a TOP partner authorizing it to provide products to the public in connection with the TOP partner mark and/or the marks relating to the brands of its products.
[Департамент лингвистических услуг Оргкомитета «Сочи 2014». Глоссарий терминов]

Тематики

• спорт (маркетинг)

EN

• member financial institution
• MFI

1 to discover.

Elsa descubrió el escondite Elsa discovered the hiding place.

2 to unveil (destapar) (estatua, placa).

la entrevista nos descubrió otra faceta de su personalidad the interview revealed another aspect of his character

descubrir el pastel (figurative) to let the cat out of the bag, to give the game away

3 to discover, to find out (enterarse de).

descubrió que su mujer lo engañaba he discovered o found out that his wife was cheating on him

4 to give away.

5 to uncover, to bare, to find out.

Elsa descubre sus brazos Elsa uncovers her arms.

6 to disclose, to bare, to expose, to reveal.

Teo descubrió su secreto Teo disclosed his secret.

* * *

(pp descubierto,-a)

► verbo transitivo

1 (gen) to discover; (petróleo, oro, minas) to find; (conspiración) to uncover; (crimen) to bring to light

■ Colón descubrió América Columbus discovered America

2 (revelar) to reveal

3 (averiguar) to find out, discover

■ descubrimos sus intenciones we found out his intentions

4 (delatar) to give away

5 (divisar) to make out, see

6 (destapar) to uncover

■ el ministro descubrió la estatua the minister unveiled the statue

► verbo pronominal descubrirse

1 (la cabeza) to take off one's hat

2 figurado (abrirse) to open one's heart (a/con, to)

3 (en boxeo) to lower one's guard

* * *

1) to discover, find out

2) uncover

3) unveil

* * *

1. VT

1) (=encontrar) [+ tesoro, tratamiento, persona oculta] to discover, find; [+ país, deportista] to discover

- descubrir América

2) (=averiguar) [+ verdad] to find out, discover

3) (=sacar a la luz) [+ conspiración, estafa] to uncover; [+ secreto, intenciones] to reveal

4) (=delatar) to give away

5) (=destapar) [+ estatua, placa] to unveil; [+ cacerola] to take the lid off; [+ naipes] to turn over, lay up; [+ cara] to uncover

- descubrir el juego a algn

6) (=divisar) to make out

7) liter (=transparentar) to reveal

descubrirse

* * *

verbo transitivo

1)

a) <tierras/sustancia/fenómeno> to discover; <oro/ruinas/cadáver> to discover, find; < virus> to identify

b) <artista/atleta> to discover

2)

a) (enterarse de, averiguar) <razón/solución> to discover, find out; <complot/engaño> to uncover; < fraude> to detect

b) < persona escondida> to find, track down

c) < culpable> find... out

d) ( delatar) to give... away

3)

a) <estatua/placa> to unveil

b) (liter) ( dejar ver) <cuerpo/forma> to reveal

c) ( revelar) <planes/intenciones> to reveal

descubrirse v pron

1) (refl) ( quitarse el sombrero) to take one's hat off; < rostro> to uncover

2) ( delatarse) to give oneself away

* * *

= dig up, discover, find out, unlock, spy, uncover, unearth, find, come to + light, unveil, ferret out, unfurl, lay + bare, tease apart, bare, suss (out).

Ex. The list of changed headings is almost literally endless if you have the patience to dig them all up.

Ex. This, in turn, depends upon users and user interests, and it may be necessary to conduct a survey to discover or update the profile of user interests.

Ex. For example, a person can consult the system holdings files to find out whether a library in the network owns a copy of the document.

Ex. NTIS is a key partner in unlocking the world's technology.

Ex. She spied Asadorian in earnest converse with McSpadden.

Ex. It requires an extraordinarily astute librarian to uncover this shortcoming at the interview stage.

Ex. Librarians also provide some assistance with that most familiar and awkward-to-handle enquiry from library users concerning the possible value of Grandpa's old Bible or other old book unearthed in the attic during a clear-out.

Ex. His trial came up in July 1892 and by then the city accountant had found that over $9,000 had been misappropriated.

Ex. A further disquieting feature which came to light was the number of people who did not approach staff for help.

Ex. Here is an institution which knows, neither rank nor wealth within its walls, which stops the ignorant peer or the ignorant monarch at its threshold, and declines to unveil to him its treasures, or to waste time upon him, and yet welcomes the workman according to his knowledge or thirst for knowledge.

Ex. As a rule analysts are left on their own to ferret out useful and appropriate areas to be investigated.

Ex. This volume is in fact three books shuffled together under one luscious cover, unfurling as a fantasia on technique that explores, among other things, Mau's riffs on modernism.

Ex. The aim of this article is to lay bare the causes of this state of affairs.

Ex. The author and his colleagues embarked on a series of studies to tease apart hereditary and environmental factors thought to be implicated in schizophrenia.

Ex. The judge ruled that a magazine that published a photograph of a woman baring her breasts at a pig roast did not intrude on her privacy.

Ex. He was incredulous when he sussed that the noises came from bona-fide gibbons.

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* descubrir Algo = make + a discovery.

* descubrir el pastel = blow + the gaff, spill + the beans, let + the cat out of the bag.

* descubrir una mina de oro = strike + gold, hit + the jackpot.

* descubrir un secreto = spill + the beans, blow + the gaff, let + the cat out of the bag.

* posibilidad de descubrir = discoverability.

* sin descubrir = undiscovered.

* volver a descubrir = rediscover.

* * *

verbo transitivo

1)

a) <tierras/sustancia/fenómeno> to discover; <oro/ruinas/cadáver> to discover, find; < virus> to identify

b) <artista/atleta> to discover

2)

a) (enterarse de, averiguar) <razón/solución> to discover, find out; <complot/engaño> to uncover; < fraude> to detect

b) < persona escondida> to find, track down

c) < culpable> find... out

d) ( delatar) to give... away

3)

a) <estatua/placa> to unveil

b) (liter) ( dejar ver) <cuerpo/forma> to reveal

c) ( revelar) <planes/intenciones> to reveal

descubrirse v pron

1) (refl) ( quitarse el sombrero) to take one's hat off; < rostro> to uncover

2) ( delatarse) to give oneself away

* * *

* * *

descubrir [ I33 ]

1 ‹tierras/sustancia/fenómeno› to discover; ‹oro/ruinas/cadáver› to discover, find

en los análisis han descubierto unos anticuerpos extraños the tests have revealed o ( BrE) shown up the presence of unusual antibodies

todavía no se ha descubierto el virus causante de la enfermedad the virus responsible for causing the disease has not yet been identified

durante mi investigación descubrí este expediente in the course of my research I discovered o unearthed this dossier

he descubierto un restaurante fabuloso cerca de aquí I've discovered a wonderful restaurant nearby

2 ‹artista/atleta› to discover

1 (enterarse de, averiguar) to discover, find out

descubrió que lo habían engañado he discovered o found out that he had been tricked

aún no se han descubierto las causas del accidente the causes of the accident have not yet been established

el complot fue descubierto a tiempo the plot was uncovered in time

descubrieron el fraude cuando ya era demasiado tarde the fraud was detected when it was already too late

en momentos como éstos descubres quiénes son los verdaderos amigos it's at times like these that you find out who your real friends are

2 ‹persona escondida› to find, track down

3 ‹culpable› find … out

no dijo nada por miedo a que lo descubrieran he said nothing for fear that he might be found out

4 (delatar) to give … away

la carta los descubrió the letter gave them away

estamos preparando una fiesta para Pilar, no nos descubras we're arranging a party for Pilar, so don't give the game away

1 ‹estatua/placa› to unveil

2 ( liter) (dejar ver) ‹cuerpo/forma› to reveal

3 (revelar) ‹planes/intenciones› to reveal

A ( refl) (quitarse el sombrero) to take one's hat off; ‹rostro› to uncover

se descubrió el brazo para enseñar las cicatrices he pulled up his sleeve to show the scars

¡me descubro! I take my hat off to you/him/them

B (delatarse) to give oneself away

* * *

a) (enterarse de, averiguar) ‹razón/solución› to discover, find out;

b) ‹ persona escondida› to find, track down

c) ‹ culpable› find … out

d) ( delatar) to give … away

a) ‹estatua/placa› to unveil

b) ( revelar) ‹planes/intenciones› to reveal

* * *

♦ vt

1. [hallar] to discover;

no han descubierto la causa de su enfermedad they haven't discovered the cause of his illness;

callejeando descubrimos un bar irlandés we came across an Irish bar as we wandered about the streets;

la policía descubrió al secuestrador the police found the kidnapper;

¡has descubierto América! you've reinvented the wheel

2. [destapar] [estatua, placa] to unveil;

los periodistas descubrieron un caso de estafa the reporters uncovered a case of fraud;

la entrevista nos descubrió otra faceta de su personalidad the interview revealed another aspect of his character;

descubrir el pastel to let the cat out of the bag, to give the game away

3. [enterarse de] to discover, to find out;

¿qué has conseguido descubrir? what have you managed to find out?;

descubrió que su mujer lo engañaba he discovered o found out that his wife was cheating on him

4. [vislumbrar] to spot, to spy

5. [delatar] to give away;

una indiscreción la descubrió an indiscreet remark gave her away

♦ See also the pronominal verb descubrirse

* * *

<part descubierto> v/t

1 territorio, cura etc discover

2 ( averiguar) discover, find out

3 poner de manifiesto uncover, reveal; estatua unveil

* * *

descubrir {2} vt

1) hallar: to discover, to find out

2) revelar: to uncover, to reveal

♦ See also the reflexive verb descubrirse

* * *

descubrir vb

1. (encontrar, hallar) to discover

2. (averiguar, enterarse) to find out [pt. & pp. found]

SUBJECT AREA: Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering, Metallurgy, Steam and internal combustion engines

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Adamson was apprenticed between 1835 and 1841 to Timothy Hackworth, then Locomotive Superintendent on the Stockton \& Darlington Railway. After this he was appointed Draughtsman, then Superintendent Engineer, at that railway's locomotive works until in 1847 he became Manager of Shildon Works. In 1850 he resigned and moved to act as General Manager of Heaton Foundry, Stockport. In the following year he commenced business on his own at Newton Moor Iron Works near Manchester, where he built up his business as an iron-founder and boilermaker. By 1872 this works had become too small and he moved to a 4 acre (1.6 hectare) site at Hyde Junction, Dukinfield. There he employed 600 men making steel boilers, heavy machinery including mill engines fitted with the American Wheelock valve gear, hydraulic plant and general millwrighting. His success was based on his early recognition of the importance of using high-pressure steam and steel instead of wrought iron. In 1852 he patented his type of flanged seam for the firetubes of Lancashire boilers, which prevented these tubes cracking through expansion. In 1862 he patented the fabrication of boilers by drilling rivet holes instead of punching them and also by drilling the holes through two plates held together in their assembly positions. He had started to use steel for some boilers he made for railway locomotives in 1857, and in 1860, only four years after Bessemer's patent, he built six mill engine boilers from steel for Platt Bros, Oldham. He solved the problems of using this new material, and by his death had made c.2,800 steel boilers with pressures up to 250 psi (17.6 kg/cm²).

He was a pioneer in the general introduction of steel and in 1863–4 was a partner in establishing the Yorkshire Iron and Steel Works at Penistone. This was the first works to depend entirely upon Bessemer steel for engineering purposes and was later sold at a large profit to Charles Cammell \& Co., Sheffield. When he started this works, he also patented improvements both to the Bessemer converters and to the engines which provided their blast. In 1870 he helped to turn Lincolnshire into an important ironmaking area by erecting the North Lincolnshire Ironworks. He was also a shareholder in ironworks in South Wales and Cumberland.

He contributed to the development of the stationary steam engine, for as early as 1855 he built one to run with a pressure of 150 psi (10.5 kg/cm) that worked quite satisfactorily. He reheated the steam between the cylinders of compound engines and then in 1861–2 patented a triple-expansion engine, followed in 1873 by a quadruple-expansion one to further economize steam. In 1858 he developed improved machinery for testing tensile strength and compressive resistance of materials, and in the same year patents for hydraulic lifting jacks and riveting machines were obtained.

He was a founding member of the Iron and Steel Institute and became its President in 1888 when it visited Manchester. The previous year he had been President of the Institution of Civil Engineers when he was presented with the Bessemer Gold Medal. He was a constant contributor at the meetings of these associations as well as those of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. He did not live to see the opening of one of his final achievements, the Manchester Ship Canal. He was the one man who, by his indomitable energy and skill at public speaking, roused the enthusiasm of the people in Manchester for this project and he made it a really practical proposition in the face of strong opposition.

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SUBJECT AREA: Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering, Steam and internal combustion engines

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Bryan Donkin was the eldest son of John Donkin (1802–54) and grandson of Bryan Donkin I (1768–1855). He was educated at University College, London, and at the Ecole Centrale des Arts et Métiers in Paris, and then served an apprenticeship in the firm established by his grandfather. He assisted his uncle, Bryan Donkin II (1809–93), in setting up paper mills at St Petersburg. He became a partner in the Donkin firm in 1868 and Chairman in 1889, and retained this position after the amalgamation with Clench \& Co. of Chesterfield in 1900. Bryan Donkin was one of the first engineers to carry out scientific tests on steam engines and boilers, the results of his experiments being reported in many papers to the engineering institutions. In the 1890s his interests extended to the internal-combustion engine and he translated Rudolf Diesel's book Theory and Construction of a Rational Heat Motor. He was a frequent contributor to the weekly journal The Engineer. He was a member of the Institution of Civil Engineers and of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, as well as of many other societies, including the Royal Institution, the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, the Société Industrielle de Mulhouse and the Verein Deutscher Ingenieure. In his experimental work he often collaborated with others, notably Professor A.B.W.Kennedy (1847–1928), with whom he was also associated in the consulting engineering firm of Kennedy \& Donkin.

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SUBJECT AREA: Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering, Metallurgy

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Edward Geisler Herbert was educated at Nottingham High School in 1876–87, and at University College, London, in 1887–90, graduating with a BSc in Physics in 1889 and remaining for a further year to take an engineering course. He began his career as a premium apprentice at the Nottingham works of Messrs James Hill \& Co, manufacturers of lace machinery. In 1892 he became a partner with Charles Richardson in the firm of Richardson \& Herbert, electrical engineers in Manchester, and when this partnership was dissolved in 1895 he carried on the business in his own name and began to produce machine tools. He remained as Managing Director of this firm, reconstituted in 1902 as a limited liability company styled Edward G.Herbert Ltd, until his retirement in 1928. He was joined by Charles Fletcher (1868–1930), who as joint Managing Director contributed greatly to the commercial success of the firm, which specialized in the manufacture of small machine tools and testing machinery.

Around 1900 Herbert had discovered that hacksaw machines cut very much quicker when only a few teeth are in operation, and in 1902 he patented a machine which utilized this concept by automatically changing the angle of incidence of the blade as cutting proceeded. These saws were commercially successful, but by 1912, when his original patents were approaching expiry, Herbert and Fletcher began to develop improved methods of applying the rapid-saw concept. From this work the well-known Rapidor and Manchester saws emerged soon after the First World War. A file-testing machine invented by Herbert before the war made an autographic record of the life and performance of the file and brought him into close contact with the file and tool steel manufacturers of Sheffield. A tool-steel testing machine, working like a lathe, was introduced when high-speed steel had just come into general use, and Herbert became a prominent member of the Cutting Tools Research Committee of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers in 1919, carrying out many investigations for that body and compiling four of its Reports published between 1927 and 1933. He was the first to conceive the idea of the "tool-work" thermocouple which allowed cutting tool temperatures to be accurately measured. For this advance he was awarded the Thomas Hawksley Gold Medal of the Institution in 1926.

His best-known invention was the Pendulum Hardness Tester, introduced in 1923. This used a spherical indentor, which was rolled over, rather than being pushed into, the surface being examined, by a small, heavy, inverted pendulum. The period of oscillation of this pendulum provided a sensitive measurement of the specimen's hardness. Following this work Herbert introduced his "Cloudburst" surface hardening process, in which hardened steel engineering components were bombarded by steel balls moving at random in all directions at very high velocities like gaseous molecules. This treatment superhardened the surface of the components, improved their resistance to abrasion, and revealed any surface defects. After bombardment the hardness of the superficially hardened layers increased slowly and spontaneously by a room-temperature ageing process. After his retirement in 1928 Herbert devoted himself to a detailed study of the influence of intense magnetic fields on the hardening of steels.

Herbert was a member of several learned societies, including the Manchester Association of Engineers, the Institute of Metals, the American Society of Mechanical Engineers and the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. He retained a seat on the Board of his company from his retirement until the end of his life.

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ASD / RTS

SUBJECT AREA: Electricity, Public utilities

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Bryan Donkin IV was the son of S.B.Donkin (1871–1952) and the great-great-grandson of Bryan Donkin I (1768–1855). He was educated at Gresham's School in Holt, and at Pembroke College, Cambridge. He served a three-year apprenticeship with the English Electric Company Ltd, followed by a special one-year course with the General Electric Company of America. He became a partner in the consulting firm of Kennedy \& Donkin in 1933 (see Donkin, Bryan III) and was associated with the construction of 132 kV and 275 kV overhead-transmission lines in Britain and with many electricity generating schemes. He was responsible for the design of the Pimlico district heating scheme, and was a member of the Institution of Civil Engineers, the Institution of Electrical Engineers and the American Institute of Electrical Engineers.

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SUBJECT AREA: Civil engineering, Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering, Steam and internal combustion engines

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Joshua Field was educated at a boarding school in Essex until the age of 16, when he obtained employment at the Royal Dockyards at Portsmouth under the Chief Mechanical Superintendent, Simon Goodrich (1773–1847), and later in the drawing office at the Admiralty in Whitehall. At this time, machinery for the manufacture of ships' blocks was being made for the Admiralty by Henry Maudslay, who was in need of a competent draughtsman, and Goodrich recommended Joshua Field. This was the beginning of Field's long association with Maudslay; he later became a partner in the firm which was for many years known as Maudslay, Sons \& Field. They undertook a variety of mechanical engineering work but were renowned for marine steam engines, with Field being responsible for much of the design work in the early years. Joshua Field was the eldest of the eight young men who in 1818 founded the Institution of Civil Engineers; he was the first Chairman of the Institution and later became a vice-president. He was the only one of the founders to be elected President and was the first mechanical engineer to hold that office. James Nasmyth in his autobiography relates that Joshua Field kept a methodical account of his technical discussions in a series of note books which were later indexed. Some of these diaries have survived, and extracts from the notes he made on a tour of the industrial areas of the Midlands and the North West in 1821 have been published.

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SUBJECT AREA: Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering

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James John Guest was educated at Marlborough in 1880–4 and at Trinity College, Cambridge, graduating as fifth wrangler in 1888. He received practical training in several workshops and spent two years in postgraduate work at the Engineering Department of Cambridge University. After working as a draughtsman in the machine-tool, hydraulic and crane departments of Tangyes Ltd at Birmingham, he was appointed in 1896 Assistant Professor of Engineering at McGill University in Canada. After a short time he moved to the Polytechnic Institute at Worcester, Massachusetts, where he was for three years Professor of Mechanical Engineering and Head of the Engineering Department. In 1899 he returned to Britain and set up as a consulting engineer in Birmingham, being a partner in James J.Guest \& Co. For the next fifteen years he combined this work with research on grinding phenomena. He also developed a theory of grinding which he first published in a paper at the British Association for the Advancement of Science in 1914 and elaborated in a paper to the Institution of Mechanical Engineers and in his book Grinding Machinery (1915). During the First World War, in 1916–17, he was in charge of inspection in the Staffordshire and Shropshire Area, Ministry of Munitions. In 1917 he returned to teaching as Reader in Graphics and Structural Engineering at University College London. His final appointment was about 1923 as Professor of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Artillery College, Woolwich, which later became the Military College of Science.

He carried out research on the strength of materials and contributed many articles on the subject to the technical press. He originated Guest's Law for a criterion of failure of materials under combined stresses, first published in 1900. He was a Member of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers in 1900–6 and from 1919 and contributed to their proceedings in many discussions and two major papers.

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1) General subject: charity (приют, богадельня), philanthropy, social settlement (в бедном районе города), Charity partner

2) Obsolete: hospital (теперь только в названиях)

3) Construction: settlement house (напр. ночлежка)

4) Religion: Institutum Charitatis ("charitable institution", Rosminians, сокр. Inst. Char.)

5) Law: (филантропическое) philantropic institution

6) Economy: charitable institution

7) Makarov: settlement (в бедных районах города)

SUBJECT AREA: Architecture and building, Civil engineering

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Frederick Ransome was the son of James Ransome (1782–1849) and grandson of Robert Ransome, founder of the well-known Ipswich firm of engineers. He did not become a partner in the family firm, but devoted his life to experiments to develop an artificial stone. These experiments were recorded in a paper which he presented to the Institution of Civil Engineers in 1848 and in a long series of over thirty patents dating from 1844. The material so formed was a sandstone, the particles of which were bonded together by a silicate of lime. It could be moulded into any required form while in its initial soft state, and when hard was suitable for surface-dressing or carving. It was used for many public buildings, but time proved it unsuitable for outside work. Ransome also used his artificial stone to make grinding wheels by incorporating emery powder in the mixture. These were found to be much superior to those made of natural stone. Another use of the artificial stone was in a porous form which could be used as a filter. In later years Ransome turned his attention to the manufacture of Portland cement and of a cheaper substitute incorporating blast-furnace slag. He also invented a rotary kiln for burning the cement, the first of these being built in 1887. It was 26 ft (7.9 m) long and 5 ft (1.5 m) in diameter; although reasonably successful, the development of such kilns of much greater length was carried out in America rather than England. Ransome was elected an Associate of the Institution of Civil Engineers in 1848 and served as an Associate of

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SUBJECT AREA: Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering, Photography, film and optics

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William Taylor served an apprenticeship from 1880 to 1885 in London with Paterson and Cooper, electrical engineers and instrument makers. He studied at the Finsbury Technical College under Professors W.E.Ayrton (1847–1908) and John Perry (1850–1920). He remained with Paterson and Cooper until 1887, when he joined his elder brother, who had set up in Leicester as a manufacturer of optical instruments. The firm was then styled T.S. \& W.Taylor and a few months later, when H.W.Hobson joined them as a partner, it became Taylor, Taylor and Hobson, as it was known for many years.

William Taylor was mainly responsible for technical developments in the firm and he designed the special machine tools required for making lenses and their mountings. However, his most notable work was in originating methods of measuring and gauging screw threads. He proposed a standard screw-thread for lens mountings that was adopted by the Royal Photographic Society, and he served on screw thread committees of the British Standards Institution and the British Association. His interest in golf led him to study the flight of the golf ball, and he designed and patented the "Dimple" golf ball and a mechanical driving machine for testing golf balls.

He was an active member of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, being elected Associate Member in 1894, Member in 1901 and Honorary Life Member in 1936. He served on the Council from 1918 and was President in 1932. He took a keen interest in engineering education and advocated the scientific study of materials, processes and machine tools, and of management. His death occurred suddenly while he was helping to rescue his son's car from a snowdrift.

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1) General subject: fund, philanthropic organization, Charity partner, philanthropy organization

2) Religion: charity

3) Economy: charitable institution

4) Accounting: charity organization

5) Sociology: charitable organisation, civic organization

6) Business: benefactor, charitable organization, welfare institution

7) Makarov: voluntary society